First, the main industrial types and occurrence status of gallium deposits
(1) Major industrial types
Often in symbiosis with trace elements gallium, aluminum, zinc, germanium minerals in nature. The crustal abundance of gallium is 15×10-6, which is 1~2 orders of magnitude higher than the crust content of other dispersing elements; gallium is higher in vermiculite, and bauxite and sphalerite also contain a small amount of gallium.
At present, China has not found an independent gallium deposit. Moreover, in the currently known gallium-rich deposits, the general enrichment factor is about 4 to 5, and the enrichment coefficient can be as high as about 330 in sphalerite and vermiculite of a few ore deposits, and cannot form mineralization with other dispersing elements. compared to.
The main industrial type gallium deposits are: gallium-containing bauxite ore; gallium-containing copper, zinc ores and other multi-metal sulphide ore; gallium-containing coal mine.
(2) Status of occurrence
Gallium is always present in the same minerals in the form of homogeneous phase, and does not form an independent gallium deposit with separate mining value. It can only be comprehensively recycled in the process of metallurgy mining.
Henan, Jilin, Shandong, Guangxi and other provinces are hosted by major gallium in bauxite; gallium province of Heilongjiang, Yunnan and other major coal Fu presence or tin ore; the presence of gallium main Fu Hunan and other provinces of sphalerite.
Fourth, the extraction method
1. Extract gallium in the form of by-products. At present, gallium is mainly extracted as a by-product from the sodium aluminate circulating solution in the processing of alumina from bauxite and the crude zinc distillation residue in the zinc blende wet zinc smelting process, or from coal coking fumes. Recycling.
2. Extraction method for extracting gallium. Under certain acidity, the agent P538 can be used to obtain Ga, In, Ti from the sulfuric acid system of Ga, In and associated elements such as Zn, Co, Cd, Ni and alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, with a certain stripping agent. Ga, In, and Ti are separately extracted, and effective separation of Ga, In, and Ti can be achieved.
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