Washington News: Scientists issued a statement on Monday that in one study, the flu vaccine was found to be more effective for women than men.
It has long been known that men are more susceptible than women to bacteria, viruses and parasites, but scientists are unable to explain why this is the case.
In this study published in the current issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the authors stated that men's reactions to yellow fever, measles, and hepatitis B vaccine are not as strong as women. The new study used samples taken from 34 men and 53 women and found that the cause can be traced back to testosterone: men with higher sex hormones have weaker antibody responses to influenza vaccines. A statement from Stanford University said that men with lower levels of testosterone have more or less similar immune responses to the flu vaccine.
Previous connections between testosterone and the immune response have been found in animal and cell culture experiments, resulting in inflammation in the fight against invading pathogens.
Mark Davis, professor of immunology at Stanford University, explained that this new study cannot prove that testosterone is directly related to the strength of the immune response. In contrast, the immune system responds to a group of genes related to higher levels of testosterone. The activation weakens. In addition, the researchers also consider an obvious evolutionary paradox - doubting what combination of features natural selection favors, such as strength or risk taking, or the weakening of the immune system.
They speculate that in prehistoric times, the role of men as hunters and fighters often made them more vulnerable to injury and infection. An appropriate immune response to these infections is an evolutionary advantage, but an excess of the immune system may prove more dangerous than these pathogens. Therefore, the researchers said that perhaps men with weak immune responses can survive better.
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