"Nanomaterials are not only potentially toxic to the human body, but may also damage ecosystems from the microscopic level. This issue has attracted the attention of the international community, but China has only studied a few of the many nanomaterials, and the data is very Not comprehensive.†Many industry experts and scholars recently said in an interview with reporters that the issue of nano-security may be used by developed countries to set up technical trade barriers and restrict market access for Chinese products, in order to have the right to speak at the time of the formulation of international relevant laws and regulations. Therefore, we must speed up the research on the safety of our country's nano-products and technologies and establish relevant standards as soon as possible.
Nano security has gradually become "black hand"
"Because nanomaterials have special physicochemical properties, after entering living organisms, the chemical properties and bioactivities produced by their interactions with living organisms are very different from those of chemical substances, which may bring about human health. It has caused serious damage and has become a cause of many major diseases.†Zhao Yuliang, director of the Laboratory of Nanobiological Effects and Safety at the Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, told reporters, “The release of nanomaterials from industrial production may also cause environmental problems. Some producers Industrialization may be implemented when the assessment of the environmental safety of nanotechnologies is not sufficient, and the emission of nano-waste will be unwittingly emitted, thereby leading to environmental pollution and endangering the interests of others and health. The abuse of nanotechnology may damage the ecosystem from the microscopic level, and The damage caused by the destruction is likely to be irreparable."
Talking about the safety assessment of nanomaterials, Dr. Ding Ling of Wuhan University of Science and Technology is quite helpless: “Although many studies have pointed out that nanomaterials have safety issues, nanomaterials are complex and difficult to detect. The hazard assessment system has not yet been developed and has been published. There is also less data to provide scientific guidance, so the risk assessment of nanomaterials has not been implemented."
Related research needs to catch up
At present, in view of the safety of nanomaterials, many countries have already carried out a large number of projects and programs aimed at controlling the risks of nanotechnology. In 2011, the U.S. government promulgated the White Paper on "Environment, Health and Safety of Nanotechnology," and the National Academy of Sciences promulgated the "Study on the Environment, Health, and Safety of Nanomaterials." This year, the United States launched the "Nanotechnology Environment, Health and Safety Research" program. In 2012, Germany released the "Nanomaterials Evaluation Tool" report, which provides decision support for nano risk management based on the precautionary principle, and provides guidance for companies in the early stages of development of nanomaterials and nanoproducts so that they can make decisions about the suitability of their own products. Preliminary judgment. The German Federal Ministry of Environment, the German Federal Institute of Occupational and Health Safety, and the BASF Institute jointly launched a long-term research project on the safety of nanomaterials. The total budget of the project is 5 million euros. In addition, the European Union, the United States, the OECD, and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) have successively established a nano-safety working group and began to formulate various regulations related to the safety, standards, and trade of nano-products.
Although the research related to the safety of nanomaterials in our country started earlier, it has a decentralized power and is still in its infancy compared with nanomaterials research. However, Ding Ling said that China has begun to increase investment in nano-safety research.
In 2011, the project "Study on Bio-Effective Mechanism and Safety Evaluation of Important Nanomaterials" undertaken by the Institute of High Energy Physics, the National Nano-Science Institute, Peking University, Shanghai University, Nanjing University, and Southeast University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, obtained the National Science and Technology Ministry's "973" "Project planning project. The project is oriented to the needs of the country and focuses on the biological effects of nanotechnology. It focuses on the release of "relative nanomaterials in the workplace and consumer products, occupational exposure, and interactions with the respiratory, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal systems" and "important nanotechnology. Molecular mechanism of biological effects and safety of materials (such as nano titanium oxide, nano silver, carbon nano materials, etc.), "Methods and evaluation procedures for safety evaluation of nano materials", and "High-throughput screening methods for safety evaluation" Other key scientific issues are systematically studied. The "973" project initiated the "Exploration of Bio-safety Research and Solutions for Artificial Nanomaterials" and will provide scientific and technological support for nano-security by conducting cross-researches in biology, medicine, chemistry, physics, and nanoscience.
Toxicological research should be targeted
Ding Ling also said that nanomaterials have shown some special biological effects and potential effects on human and environmental health. When discussing the biological effects or toxicity of nanomaterials, it cannot be generalized that the type, shape and size of the materials must be clearly defined ( Particle size) and the effect of dose and other parameters. She suggested that future research should focus on strengthening the study of the toxic effects of nanomaterials at the molecular level and constructing theoretical models for predicting the potential effects of nanomaterials.
Zhao Yuliang emphasized that China is becoming a big country in the research and production of nanomaterials. How to control nanotechnology and bring it to the benefit of mankind is not only a challenge faced by the scientific community, but also has become a national demand for cutting-edge science and technology development strategies and health and safety of governments of various countries. China should strengthen strategic research on nano-biological effects and safety, establish a concept of nano-safety, increase international exchanges at the same time, promote international cooperation, grasp the forefront of international development, establish a nano-security system research platform system, promote the implementation of nanotechnology safety standard strategies, and establish nano- Technology risk assessment system. In addition, we must strengthen the cultivation of human resources and improve scientific research and innovation capabilities. By cultivating high-level experts, it is possible for China to have the right to speak at the time of the formulation of international relevant laws and regulations.
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