A few days ago, media reported that physicists at Los Alamos National Laboratory and Queen's University in the United States designed a zero-friction engine that uses the advantages of a quantum shortcut to do its work.
Engines, especially internal combustion engines, have a wide range of applications in everyday life. According to Liang Xingyu, associate professor and doctor of the State Key Laboratory of Internal Combustion Engines in Tianjin University, “The excavators and paving machines used in the market for cars, trucks and mechanical engineering are basically driven by internal combustion engines. For people’s real life, The advancement in engine technology has a huge impact on the automotive industry."
Â
Zero-friction engine or can be used to drive cell revival
"In the traditional reciprocating piston engine, zero friction is impossible to achieve because there will be friction when there is contact," Liang Xingyu said.
For the invention of foreign scientists, Liang Xingyu said that it is possible to achieve zero friction at the quantum level. "This kind of engine is on the microscopic level, and it belongs to the submicron level. It must be done within the scope of molecules and atoms. We know that atoms are made up of nuclei and electrons, and electrons around the nuclei basically become zero when they rotate at high speed. Friction state, but if we calculate this magnitude, how much can the actual power of the engine be? I think it can only be applied in the microscopic field, such as driving the revival and growth of cells, but the construction of this theoretical system is still very Great positive significance." Liang Xingyu told reporters.
The progress of the engine promotes the development of miniaturization and lightening of automobiles
Since its inception, the engine has made considerable progress in technology, but according to Liang Xingyu, there is not much success in reducing friction. Nowadays newer technologies basically reduce friction by improving the configuration of lubricants and the structure of the machine. "After reducing the friction, the energy converted from combustion will be more concentratedly used to promote the operation of the device to achieve energy saving. In practical applications, energy saving is actually one of the two major problems facing the engine. The key is not to reduce friction. It is to increase the utilization of fuel," Liang Xingyu said.
According to Liang Xingyu, Tianda Engine Combustion Laboratory has come a half-century history. Many of its scientific research achievements have significantly improved the efficiency of internal combustion engines, such as Professor Shi Shaoxi, who is currently a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in the seventies and eighties of last century. The invention of the compound combustion system, such as the "Dynamic Fuel Mixing Rate and Chemical Reaction Coordination Control" led by Prof. Su Wanhua in recent years. “Tianjin University took the lead and jointly launched the '973 Program' with eight universities including Tsinghua University and Shanghai Jiaotong University to seek new ways to increase the combustion rate, find alternatives to petroleum fuels, and control waste emissions, which is synchronized with international research. The combustion efficiency of conventional diesel engines is 38% to 40%, but after two rounds of the '973 program', the combustion rate of diesel engine prototypes has approached 50%, said Liang Xingyu.
Liang Xingyu used familiar scenes to describe the changes brought about by the reduction of engine friction and the increase in fuel burn rate. “Original old Hongqi sedan has a displacement of about 3.6 litres, and it takes 17 to 18 liters of oil to travel 100 kilometers. Nowadays, for ordinary cars, the displacement is mostly 1.6 liters or 2.0 liters, and the fuel consumption of 100 kilometers is 78 liters. The reduction of energy consumption is significant by about 60%, while emission reduction and energy saving are almost the same.In the past, the vehicle consumed more fuel per unit distance, and naturally emitted more exhaust gas and particulate matter. For example, the earliest diesel engines not only produced a large amount of Particulate matter and black smoke, this phenomenon is almost out of sight today." Liang Xingyu said, "From the perspective of ordinary people, the most obvious manifestation of engine progress is in the automotive sector. Today, the progress of the engine makes the car miniaturized. Lighter and faster, and towards rapid and efficient development."
In addition to energy conservation, emission reduction is another important issue facing the engine today. "The engine produces particulate matter and nitrogen oxides. The United States and other countries use exhaust gas recirculation technology while reducing the two substances in the engine. In Europe, the first step is to take measures to reduce the particulate matter in the engine, and then use the method of spraying urea to restore the outside of the machine. Nitrogen Oxides: China's emissions regulations use the European system, but for the control of emissions, if the European approach is adopted, it involves not only technical issues but also supporting issues such as the construction of urea supply stations. Problems," said Liang Xingyu.
Polyacrylamide (PAM) is a water-soluble polymer, which is insoluble in most organic solvents, has good flocculating properties, can reduce frictional resistance between liquids, Can be divided into non-ionic, anionic, cationic and amphoteric four types.
When PAM is used for flocculation, it is related to the surface properties of the species being flocculated, especially the potential, viscosity, turbidity, and pH of the suspension. The kinetic potential of the particle surface is the reason for particle inhibition. Can reduce the potential and condense.
Granular polyacrylamide flocculant cannot be directly added to sewage. It must be dissolved in water before use, and its aqueous solution are used to treat sewage.The water in which the particulate polymer is dissolved should be clean. Generally tap water is suitable for formulating polymer solutions. Strong ACID, strong alkali, high salt water is not suitable for preparation. Water at room temperature is ok, no necessary to heat. Dissolution is slow when the water temperature is below 5 ° C. Increasing the water temperature will accelerate the dissolution rate, but above 40 ° C will accelerate the degradation of the polymer and affect the use effect. The solution concentration is recommended to be 0.1% -0.3%.
Oil Extraction Polyacrylamide,Papermaking Polyacrylamide,Food Grade Polyacrylamide,Medical Materials Polyacrylamide
Yucheng Jinhe Industrial Co.,Ltd , https://www.hntitaniumdioxide.com