It belongs to renewable sources of raw materials are cobalt super alloy containing Co50 ~ 60% and of Ni10 ~ 30%, the magnetic alloy containing the Co8 ~ 24 containing Co5 ~ 12% of the high-speed cutting alloys, catalysts for the petrochemical industry as well as other Scraps with high cobalt content, etc. Not long ago, foreign countries also believed that the production of cobalt in recycled raw materials was unprofitable. Later, this view changed. As early as 1979, nearly 2,000 tons of cobalt were produced from recycled raw materials.
The American example is the best sign in this regard. The United States is the basic user of cobalt consumption. In 1980, the country consumed 7,260 tons of cobalt, of which 544 tons were produced from recycled materials.
In the (former) Soviet Union, cobalt- nickel scrap was processed in a modern nickel enterprise by hydrometallurgical methods. Preparation of nickel sulfate
In the solution sent by hydrometallurgical treatment, the nickel content is several times higher than the estimated content. Nickel can enter the solution either from the raw material or from the recycled material. After the cobalt is precipitated, its concentration in the solution is 20 to 50 g/dm 3 . In order to propose nickel in the form of NiSO 4 ·7H 2 O in the sulfate, this concentration is insufficient, so nickel is first precipitated from the sulfate with soda (Na 2 CO 3 ). The precipitate was washed and filtered and dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid. This results in an almost saturated sulfate solution containing from 150 to 170 g/dm 3 of nickel. The sulphate solution is replaced with nickel powder to remove copper :
Cu 2 + +Ni=Ni 2 + +Cu (1)
The iron and cobalt are purified by the so-called black hydrogen physics----Ni(OH) 3 .
Fe 2 + (Co) + Ni(OH) 3 = Fe(Co)(OH) 3 + Ni 2 + (2)
Wherein the solution to be purified nickel 10 g / dm 3, a cobalt-containing not more than 0.10 to 0.15 g / dm 3, iron is not greater than 0.002 g / dm 3.
A purification solution containing 160 g/dm 3 of nickel and acidified to 4 to 5 g/dm 3 H 2 SO 4 is fed into a vacuum crystallizer at a pressure of 0.4 MPa and a temperature of 210 to 240 ° C. evaporation. Evaporation to a nickel content of 195 g / decimeter 3 , in line with a specific gravity of 1.64 ~ 1.65 g / decimeter 3 .
The crystallization of NiSO 4 ·7H 2 O is continuously carried out in a vacuum crystallization tank under vacuum crystallization. The resulting slurry is sent to a centrifuge to separate the crystals from the mother liquor. The mother liquor containing 120 g/dm 3 of nickel again removes iron and copper and re-evaporates them. When the impurities of chlorine and magnesium accumulate, they are sent to produce black hydroxide. The nickel sulfate contains 2 to 3% of water after dehydration. It is passed through a steam drying at a temperature of 80 ° C, and is a commercial sulfate supplier to meet the technical specifications.
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