GB1589 previous revisions review the first edition GB1589-1989 The first edition of the general limitation of length, width and height GB1589 was established in 1989. At that time, the standard name was "Car Exterior Dimensions Limit". It is not difficult to see from the name. At that time, GB1589 was only It is a limitation on the dimensions of the vehicle and does not address the requirements of the load bearing.
In the late 1980s, just after ten years of reform and opening up, China was still in the midst of a transition from a planned economy to a market economy. The road conditions at that time were relatively rudimentary, and the freight vehicles were mainly mainly medium-sized vehicles such as Dongfeng EQ140 and Liberation CA10 and CA141. Due to road conditions and technical constraints on the whole vehicle, overload is also common but not serious, and there is no "hundred tons of kings" in the future.
Therefore, GB1589-1989 is very simple and general, and only the length and width limits of all trucks were made. In terms of the length of the car, the bicycle is 12m, the semi-trailer train is 16.5m, the full-hook train is 20m, the vehicle width is unified to 2.5m, and the vehicle height is unified to 4m. The standard does not require full load height.
At that time, GB1589 was proposed by the China Automobile Industry Federation. It was under the jurisdiction of the China Automotive Technology and Research Center and was drafted by the Changchun Automobile Research Institute. It is not difficult to see that GB1589 at that time involved several associations and research institutes in the automotive industry, which belonged to internal self-regulatory norms and standards, and the enterprises did not participate in the formulation. Although the name is called the national standard, it is similar to an industry standard.
Throughout the 1990s to the beginning of the 21st century, with the rapid economic development and the expansion of logistics scale, especially the improvement of road grades and the improvement of peer conditions. The large-scale overload phenomenon in China and the development of large-size overloaded models have intensified. Since GB1589-1989 does not have restrictions on load and total quality, the transportation industry and the truck industry have set off a great leap forward.
After the 9m6 4x2 truck was shipped from the factory, the user changed it to a cargo box of more than ten meters, connecting the girders, adding the wheelbase, and hand to the raft. Xiaobian remembered the advertisement of the 4x2 truck with the long wheelbase of Liuqi Chenglong at the time. A driver happily took a large stack of banknotes and said, "Open a big car and make big money."
The second edition of GB1589-2004 is a big problem after the quality of the external axle load is limited. At that time, the engine displacement and power of mainstream models were not at the current level. The common situation was that over 200 horsepower overloaded trucks crawled on the road. Many overloaded trucks have crushed the road and caused certain safety hazards.
Therefore, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Communications, and the Ministry of Public Security jointly proposed GB1589-2004, the full name is "road vehicle exterior dimensions, axle load and quality limits." The national standard was changed from China Automobile Research Institute to the National Automobile Standardization Committee, and it rose from the industry association to the national level. This time, GB1589 was drafted by China Automotive Technology Research Center, Highway Science Research Institute of the Ministry of Communications, Traffic Management Science Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security, and FAW and Dongfeng.
This time, due to the surge in the number of trucks and the increase in the radiation surface of influence, relevant ministries and mainstream enterprises participated in the formulation of standards. The revision of this standard is more comprehensive. The standard name was changed from "car" to "road vehicle", which increased the requirements for the outer size limit of three-wheeled vehicles and trailers, so that the agricultural vehicles were no longer "free."
The 2004 version of the standard also increases the measurement method and requirements for the vehicle channel circle and the external pendulum value, which is to ensure the safety of vehicles and traffic. The new standard adds various vehicle axle loads and total mass limits, which are requirements for road protection. At the same time, the new standard also modifies the outer dimensions of the truck.
GB1589-2004 limits the overload limit, advocates multi-axis, and reduces the concentrated damage of the uniaxial load to the road surface. Promote efficient transportation methods such as containers. It is considered from the aspects of traffic safety, road protection and efficient transportation. After the introduction of the standard, it stimulated the multi-axis of bicycles and drove the development of tractors and semi-trailers. Vans are also popular.
The third edition of the Exposure Draft is advancing with the times to adapt to efficient transportation. After the introduction of GB1589-2004, it has been 11 years now. In general, the new national standard has played a role in promoting and regulating the truck manufacturing and transportation industry. . The development of “overload jogging†to “standard-load high-speed†transportation conforms to the international trend and reduces the damage to the road.
Since 2012, the Ministry of Industry and Information and other departments have begun to fine-tune GB1589 by drawing on international experience and soliciting actual use. Recently, the draft for the revision of GB1589 has been published. Let us see what changes have been made.
The GB1589's exposure draft has been somewhat relaxed in terms of dimensions, eliminating the limitation of the length of most vehicles linked to the total mass or the number of axes. The semi-trailer length limit is increased from 13m to 13.7m. The opinion draft adds a center-mounted axle trailer with a length limit of 12m, and the corresponding total length of the center-mounted axle train is 22m.
The opinion draft also adjusted the length of the articulated train, and relaxed the total length of the flat 4×2 tractor and semi-trailer train to 16.62m, and relaxed the total length of the flat-headed 6×2 and 6×4 tractors combined with the semi-trailer to 17.22. m, the maximum length limit of the long-head articulated train is relaxed to 18.1m. In this way, the length of the semi-trailer of the long-head tractor can be close to the length of the semi-trailer of the flat-head tractor, and the disadvantage is small, especially the 4×2 long-head tractor. This can be seen as encouraging the development of long tractors.
In terms of size, the maximum width specified in the opinion draft is adjusted from 2.5m to 2.55m, so that two trays can be placed side by side in the container. The opinion draft also added the size of the tractor saddle and adjusted the exterior mirror description.
In terms of axle load, the opinion draft appropriately raises the axle load of the single tire on each side of the trailer and the two-axle truck, which encourages the development of large single tires. The total quality of the opinion draft removes the requirement of “maximum design total mass minimum limitâ€. Add an air suspension definition for the shaft relaxation limit for the air suspension. Standardize and clarify the vehicle channel circle and external pendulum test to increase the maximum limit of the semi-trailer pin wheelbase.
It is not difficult to see that the draft of the GB1589 amendment has not been vigorous in the 2004 edition, and more is fine-tuning and advancing with the times. Many of them are adapted to the actual transportation, and the various limits are much more relaxed and less tightened. In general, it stimulates the development of logistics and conforms to the trend of the times.
Concerns and recommendations of the truck driver's concerns After the revision of the GB1589 “Road Vehicle Profile Size, Axle Load and Quality Limitsâ€, most drivers believe that the revision of this regulation is a good thing for the development of the industry, but also The revised draft made a lot of comments and suggestions.
Distinguish the total mass of 6×2 and 6×4 tractors In the revised GB1589 revision, we only see that the maximum total mass of the six-axle trailer does not exceed 49 tons, but there is no distinction between 6×2 and 6×4 tractors. Since 6×2 is the front double guide wheel arrangement, the front wheels are single tires, and the self-weight is relatively light. Considering the bearing capacity, load distribution uniformity and safety, most drivers think that 6×2 and 6× should be considered. 4 The total quality of the models is differentiated.
Multiple regulations are not uniform. Inconsistent implementation standards in various localities In the currently implemented super-standards, the limit for 6-axis vehicles is 10 tons per line and the maximum is 55 tons, while the national standard 1589 limits the number of six-axis trailers to 49 tons. In addition, the local standards implemented by local governments are still not consistent. Road administration and traffic police have different laws and regulations. These situations have caused a mess in the current freight order, and there have been cases of “multiple laws and difficultiesâ€.
The truck driver and the owner of the truck are eager to unify the standards of various regulations, and at the same time, the administrative departments of all regions have unified the law enforcement standards to create a healthy living environment for law-abiding drivers.
Regulations need to be enforced and cannot be found in the investigation by penalties. At present, there are different penalties for overload overruns in some places. Some places are supervised from the source and strict supervision; while some areas are only fined, if not every time Grab it, after the arrest, the fine is not painful, isn't it equivalent to encouraging overload in disguise?
Recently, local governments have charged a lot of high-speed fees for overloaded vehicles. The strength is very large, but why not directly limit the speed of overloaded cars? If the fine is lower than the overloaded profit, isn't it equivalent to encouraging overload in disguise?
The existence of these vulnerabilities has caused some drivers to dare to overwhelm the wind, greatly disrupting the order of the freight market, and making the drivers of the law-abiding trucks unable to earn money. How embarrassing it is to rule the country according to law?
[Edited words] GB1589 has a far-reaching impact on transportation and models, especially the 2004 version. It directly leads to the long wheelbase and the large size 4x2 bikes of the container. “Shenzhou has a thousand sails on the side of the boat, and Wanmuchun is in front of the sick tree.†After the big single bridge fell, the standard, high-efficiency, multi-axle, semi-trailer and van were prevailing.
The impact on production companies is also great. Automobile and bridge enterprises and semi-trailer factories are the biggest beneficiaries. In the past, only one bridge was needed for one bicycle, and now three or four. The popularity and popularity of lightweight models once helped the manufacturers of quasi-heavy trucks such as Dongfeng and Liberation. However, after several years of adaptation and adjustment, the traditional Steyr model manufacturers have caught up with the lightweight models, and the cars are light and can be pulled by the users.
Now that the draft of the new national standard has come out, will the formal amendment be far behind? After the introduction of the new national standard, a new revolution is coming to the fore. For the truck industry and logistics practitioners, perhaps the only constant is change, the survival of the fittest is king.
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