Abstract: This paper analyzes the environmental pollution caused by coal mining, discusses the technology and significance of treating mine wastewater, and explores the main treatment steps of mine wastewater treatment technology.
Coal is not only non-renewable energy, but also not clean energy, which means that coal mining and use will bring some pollution to the environment. With the rapid social and economic development, China's coal mining enterprises have been more room for development, and people's awareness of environmental protection is also gradually increasing, living and production are rapidly developing toward environmental protection, and environmental protection as a basic national policy of China is to implement The key to sustainable development. As a major energy source in China, coal mine resources must be intensified.
1, coal mining on the environment caused by pollution problems
Coal mining on the environment caused by pollution and destruction of many aspects, such as: gas pollution, waste rock pollution, wastewater pollution and noise pollution, the following will conduct a systematic analysis of these environmental pollution.
a) Gas contamination. Most of the coal mining technologies currently used in China are underground mining, and some toxic gases will be generated during the downhole operation, which brings some hazards to the underground operations, such as ammonium nitrate explosives used in the well, Produce CO, NO2 and other gases; and diesel engine exhaust emissions, containing a lot of NO2 and NO and other gases. In order to protect the safety of downhole workers, ventilation methods are generally adopted to discharge the harmful gas downhole into the atmosphere, which in turn causes some pollution to the atmospheric environment.
b) waste rock pollution. In the process of coal mine production, solid wastes generated mainly are gangue discharged from downhole rock roadways, etc., and these discharged gangue can spontaneous combustion, and will emit a large amount of harmful gases such as SO2, H2S and the like in spontaneous combustion process Polluted the mining area. Even some mine waste rock contains heavy metals and radioactive elements that directly pollute the local soil, surface water and groundwater, and may also cause landslides and seriously affect people's lives and property.
c) Wastewater pollution. In coal mining, mine water is the most drained waste water, which can cause significant pollution to other water sources such as surface rivers. Mine water mainly comes from rock pore water, underground aquifer dredging water and dustproof and grouting sewage in coal mine production. In most coal mines, the displacement per 1 ton of coal is about 2m3 ~ 4m3, which means that the discharge of waste water in coal mines is relatively large, and mine water will be muddy because of some debris mixed during the mining and transportation.
d) Noise pollution. Currently used in China's coal mining is commonly used in local fan or electric rock drill, etc., these mining equipment noise is quite large, and some even up to 120dB, far exceeding the national industrial hygiene standards. These noise pollution not only directly pollutes the underground working environment, but also extremely easily causes the safety accident, and also affects the living environment around the coal mining area;
e) There are dust pollution, surface subsidence and other pollution in coal mining. The existence of these pollution not only affects the surrounding living environment, but also pollutes the working environment of miners and even seriously affects the entire ecological environment. Effective measures must be taken deal with.
2, to explore the technology and significance of mine waste water treatment
China is a big country of coal energy. Coal has a great effect on people's life. However, a large amount of waste water is produced during the process of coal mining. If it is not treated in time, it will be directly discharged, which will bring serious harm to the environment. Also caused a lot of waste of water resources. As a result, there are many factors that cause coal mine waste water. For example, in order to ensure the safety of mining roadway during the process of coal development, groundwater needs to be discharged, and this part of groundwater has become one of the sources of wastewater. Some are in the underground coal mining process, dust or fire and other waste water.
Investigating its origin, mine water not only has the characteristics of groundwater, but also has been artificially contaminated, which means that the relevant treatment of mine water, we must consider the mining process of water quality and water changes. At present, most of the mining areas in China are experiencing severe water shortages. However, the lack of water in the mining areas restricts coal production to a certain extent. This is mainly because groundwater in the mining area is overexploited and has not been effectively managed after exploitation. As a result, water resources Serious waste, if we can take effective measures to purify these wastewater, not only can effectively save the water resources in the mining area, but also adhere to the path of sustainable development.
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