There are many types of dryers in the pharmaceutical industry, including vacuum ovens, vacuum rotary dryers, three-in-one, air dryers, spray dryers, fluidized beds, fluidized beds, and freeze dryers. The drying device must meet the GMP requirements to ensure that the drug production process is reasonable, the product is uniform, there is no material accumulation, and the online cleaning requirement can be met. The drying device for the sterile raw material drug also satisfies the on-line sterilization requirements.
Vacuum drying oven originated earlier, the principle is to laminate the drying box with a hot plate, pass hot water or low-pressure steam into the heating plate as a medium, and then put the medicine tray which needs to be dried on the drying plate Close the door and use a vacuum pump to pull the box out of the air to create a vacuum environment. The heating plate heats the medicine to a specified temperature in the circulating flow of the heating medium, and the moisture starts to evaporate and is gradually withdrawn as the vacuum is drawn. This kind of drying equipment is easy to control, the medicine is not easy to be contaminated during the drying process, and it is suitable for the drying of medicines and the sterilization of packaging materials.
Vacuum rotary dryers are derived from double cone mixers, mostly cylindrical bodies, two cones, also known as double cone dryers. There are two hollow suspension shafts in the middle of the cone, which are used to support the rotation of the equipment and the passage of vacuum and hot water. The medicines rotate while drying in the dryer, which ensures a good quality of the red wine for the entire batch of drugs. The heat medium enters the jacket from a hollow tube at one end, and the hot gas in the apparatus is exhausted with the exhaust pipe in the hollow tube at the other end, and the volatilized solvent is recovered through condensation. Because this equipment is easy to operate, batch production is easy to adjust, online cleaning and on-line sterilization are possible. Therefore, it has become the preferred desiccator for small and medium-sized antibiotics drug companies, and penicillin, lincomycin, chlortetracycline, and caffeine can all be used.
Three-in-one equipment, the so-called three-in-one refers to filtration, washing, drying three processes, three-in-one equipment to the perfect combination of these three important processes together, mainly the filter belt in different ways, the same workflow The material is evenly spread on the filter belt by the feeder, and the filter belt is dragged by the transmission to move in the dryer. In the washing and filtering section, the solvent is washed, and the solvent mother liquor is vacuum-cooled to recover the solvent; the hot air in the drying section enters, and the vacuum is removed and condensed to recover the solvent. For mass production batch production, suitable for drying of particles with good air permeability, and the finished product is evenly dried. It is widely used in the vitamin C and penicillin industries in China. Due to the relatively poor tightness of this equipment, online cleaning and online sterilization cannot be well arranged, so it is only suitable for the drying of non-sterile APIs and pharmaceutical intermediates.
The air drying device is suitable for particles and powdery materials that are easy to dehydrate, and can quickly remove material moisture (mainly surface moisture). In air drying, the quality of the dried product is best controlled due to the short residence time of the material in the dryer. The wet material is thoroughly mixed with the hot air stream through the feeder, and dried under the suction of the wind into the drying tube for further uniform drying. The wet weight particles that cannot be attracted by the wind continue to be impacted, broken, and dried in the dryer until they can be sucked into the drying tube by the wind. The end of the drying tube is a cyclone separator. This equipment is mainly used for the production of oxytetracycline and some health products in the pharmaceutical industry.
Spray dryers work like air drying. After the air is initially filtered, it is heated by the heater, and the hot air produced is filtered through several stages (selected according to drug grade), and then the air flow generated by the hot air distributor is uniformly rotated into the drying chamber on the volute passage at the top of the drying chamber. The material is filtered through centrifugal atomizer discs or pressure nozzles to produce a dispersed, fine material mist. The material mist is in contact with the swirling hot air and the moisture rapidly evaporates. The material is dried in a very short time. This equipment is suitable for the drying of liquid materials with good fluidity such as solution, emulsion, suspension, paste, and so on. Now it can be used for the drying of APIs such as streptomycin, gentamycin, and various biological extracts. This device.
Freeze-drying machine is suitable for the drying of heat-sensitive or easily oxidized chemicals, commonly known as lyophilizers, mainly including lyophilization tanks, vacuum systems, heating systems, refrigeration systems, and the like. Drying of APIs and preparations There are many applications of freeze dryers. The main requirements are its high reliability and complete sterilization function. The temperature difference between the same shelf and the slab is not more than 1.5°C[2], which means that the flatness of the shelf must be better. When using this equipment to dry raw materials, in order to ensure the homogeneity of the product, it is best to add a powder mixer. Ampicillin, a large number of blood products, artificial culture drugs, antibodies, vaccines, etc. are mostly used freeze dryer.
What has been described above is only part of the drying setup in the pharmaceutical industry. With the rapid development of the pharmaceutical industry, the pharmaceutical machinery industry has followed its lead. There will be competition for development. Pharmaceutical companies must consider various aspects when choosing pharmaceutical machinery. Otherwise, they will miss out.
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