2017 agricultural machinery development opportunities and challenges coexist

[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] China's agricultural machinery has always faced the dilemma of “inorganic availability”, “inorganic use” and “organic difficulty”. How to solve this problem through reform? The government should use the agricultural machinery subsidy to make the market mechanism To play a central role, to encourage agricultural machinery enterprises to compete and technological innovation, can not let the enterprises that have entered the subsidy catalogue do not think ahead. Subsidies should be slowly transitioned from past purchases to supplementary use, issuing agricultural machinery vouchers, allowing farmers to vote with their feet, and whoever is willing to use the products of farmers, who can receive subsidies, and encourage enterprises to enhance agricultural machinery innovation through adjustment of subsidy policies. Level and service level.

2017 agricultural machinery development opportunities and challenges coexist

On January 5, the Ministry of Agriculture issued the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for the Development of Agricultural Mechanization in China", proposing that by 2020, significant progress will be made in the mechanization, planting and comprehensive mechanization of major crop production, and regional coordinated agriculture will be carried out. A new pattern of mechanization development has basically taken shape, and areas with conditions have basically realized agricultural mechanization.

With the soaring labor costs in rural China, there is a large market space for easy-to-use agricultural machinery, such as cotton picking machines and tea picking machines. Due to the busy season, the cost of temporary employment labor in rural areas in China is about three to five hundred yuan per day. If there is a corresponding agricultural machinery and equipment that can be replaced, it will be very popular. Agricultural machinery is expected to have great hope in reducing costs and improving competitiveness in China. But whether this hope can be met or not is a big question mark. There is still a huge gap between the huge demand for agricultural machinery in China's actual stage and the actual supply of agricultural machinery and services. For example, in the case of straw returning to the field, the current summer harvest and autumn harvest, the majority of grassroots governments in order to prevent farmers from burning straw can be described as layer-by-layer control, which consumes a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources. If there are corresponding convenient, suitable and cheap agricultural machinery and equipment to enable farmers to use, directly destroying the field when harvesting crops or bundling, can save the cost of prevention and control of rural anti-straw burning? At least for now The agricultural machinery equipment is either not much or too expensive, which leads to such a big problem at the grassroots level. I remember that after I saw the rice fields in Japan, the rice straw was directly bundled and it was a very biomass fuel that could be sent to the energy use department. At present, China's integrated agricultural machinery equipment is still too little, or too expensive, farmers can not afford it, or can not afford it, so whether this demand can be met in the next five years, we will wait and see.

Another widely criticized is the quality and level of agricultural machinery services that need to be improved. The electrical appliances of the urban residents were broken, and a telephone, the maintenance team of the factory experts came to the door. When can Chinese farmers enjoy such services? Agricultural machinery and equipment will inevitably have such problems in use. How to let users enjoy thoughtful after-sales service is a difficult problem for agricultural machinery manufacturers.

At present, the huge amount of agricultural machinery subsidies of more than 20 billion a year have supported a large number of manufacturers. It can also be said that the subsidies for agricultural machinery are too fat. How to inspire these manufacturers to innovate and develop through institutional innovation, and to produce some products that are suitable for China's agriculture and cheap. The use of agricultural machinery, rather than lying on the current subsidies, is not enterprising, but also requires elaborate policy design. If we can have a good subsidy incentive mechanism, let Chinese agricultural machinery manufacturers actively innovate rather than stick to the rules, it is a key issue that should be considered in the 13th Five-Year Plan. China's new energy vehicles have been criticized for their lack of innovation due to huge government subsidies, but the industry has begun to adjust or reduce subsidies. By the same token, the current agricultural machinery subsidies in China should also be designed to promote innovation in the agricultural machinery industry through a good subsidy mechanism. How to design a good subsidy mechanism to innovate in the industry? It can be achieved through innovative arrangements at the use end.

In the past, agricultural machinery subsidies were mainly incentives for purchases, but they should be more motivating. It is a good mechanism to get more subsidies for equipment that is approved by farmers in actual use. That is, let the farmers vote with their feet instead of the current artificial delineation. China's agricultural machinery industry should work harder on services. In fact, there is no need for China to buy complete sets of agricultural machinery as in Japan, because China's farmers are even less than a quarter of Japan's. If home purchases are not cost-effective. . Subsidies should be adjusted to encourage farmers to buy, but to encourage their use and issue agricultural machinery vouchers to reduce China's agricultural production costs. If the current policy encourages the purchase policy to not be adjusted, and every family will buy it, China's agricultural production costs will not fall, but will rise, repeating the mistakes of Japan. The high cost of agricultural products in Japan is closely related to the fact that households purchase complete sets of agricultural machinery and the annual utilization rate is very low. If China's agricultural machinery services are completed, it will not only greatly increase its annual usage time, but also save the depreciation expenses compared with Japan. Therefore, the agricultural machine vouchers should be mentioned on the agenda.


(Original title: Challenges and opportunities facing Chinese agricultural machinery)