Yesterday, the "Opinions on the Key Work of Deepening Economic System Reform in 2015" was announced, listing 39 key "lists" of 9 aspects of deepening economic system reform this year. Among them, the simple government and the power to decentralize in the first place, the central and state organs car reform this year fully implemented, and the start of state-owned enterprises and institutions bus reform. This year, we will also issue guidance on deepening the reform of the taxi industry.
Government reform gradually formed a "list mode"
As the "first move" of reform, the simple decentralization of power has become the top priority in this economic system reform opinion, and the seven items included are also the largest. Among them, the reform of decentralization and decentralization focuses on administrative examination and approval reform, investment and financing system reform, price reform, and commercial system reform.
The opinions are clear, and the government's own reform will gradually form a new list of power list, responsibility list, and negative list management. To achieve "the government law is not authorized, the statutory duties must be, and the market subject law is not prohibited." This year, a number of administrative examination and approval items will be cancelled and decentralized, and the scope of government-approved investment projects will be significantly reduced.
At the same time, this year will revise the central and local government pricing catalogue, significantly reduce government pricing types and projects, and will fully implement the basic water-saving and gas-strapped price system for residents.
In response to the public bus reform that has received much attention, it is proposed that the reform of the official car system of the central and state organs will be fully implemented this year, and the follow-up work of vehicle disposal and staff resettlement will be completed. This year, the reform of the official car system for state-owned enterprises and institutions will be launched.
The partial pilot encourages differential exploration. It also proposes that the reform will launch a number of pilots and give full play to the pioneering and piloting role of the pilot. Among them, including the promotion of the national new urbanization comprehensive pilot, the pilot reform of small and medium-sized cities and the pilot demonstration of towns.
Previously, Lian Weiliang, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that it is necessary to accumulate experience for the development of a comprehensive reform program by promoting reform pilots. In this opinion, the “trajectory†of the pilot route is also plotted, which is to encourage pilot exploration in different regions. Track the progress of the reform pilot in a timely manner, and summarize the experiences that can be replicated and promoted in local pilots.
This year, we will improve the inter-ministerial coordination mechanism for the pilot reform of the national comprehensive supporting reform, study and put forward the opinions on standardizing the implementation of the national comprehensive supporting reform pilot, and summarize and promote the pilot experience in the reform pilot zone. The opinion puts forward that the relationship between pilot breakthroughs and administration by law should be properly handled, local pilots should be adhered to, the pilot period should be clarified, and risks should be controlled.
â– Interpretation [taxi]
Reforming the taxi industry or starting from the number With the impact of taxi software on the traditional taxi industry, taxi reform has become the focus of attention. The list of reforms announced yesterday suggested that this year will introduce guidance for deepening the reform of the taxi industry.
Yiwu canceled the franchise to break the taxi monopoly. For a long time, under the name of “urban large-capacity public transportation supplementâ€, the state has implemented an administrative licensing system and a total amount control system for the taxi industry. The current status of the taxi industry is highly criticized and considered to be a “monopoly industryâ€.
At the same time, “difficulty in taxiing†has become a common problem faced by many cities. Since last year, "taxis software" and "special car" have appeared in the form of spoilers, causing many hot discussions.
In this context, the recent taxi reform plan introduced by Yiwu City has received much attention. The "Proposal" proposes that the taxi operating rights fee will be cancelled starting next year; starting from 2018, the taxi market access and the number of taxis will be opened and controlled in an orderly manner to realize the market allocation of taxis. At the same time, fares are priced by the market.
Yiwu City clearly expressed its support for the “taking a car software†that was opposed by many local authorities: to guide the taxi company to launch a variety of call-to-service methods such as manual phone call, mobile phone software call, and network car.
Zhang Baoyi, director of the Institute of Social Studies of the Tianjin Academy of Social Sciences, once said that Yiwu’s initiatives have opened the door for industry reform. After Yiwu, there may be some cities to choose to follow up.
Zhao Jian, a professor at Beijing Jiaotong University, believes that the reforms introduced at the national level may not be as big as Yiwu. “Maybe it will start with quantity control.â€
The taxi software should properly guide and standardize the direction of the taxi industry reform. Zhao Jian believes that the direction of reform should be to break the monopoly and introduce the power of the market. But after the introduction of competition, it will definitely touch the vested interests.
He believes that especially in the context of the Internet +, perhaps taxi software can enter the market. The government's management of the new format should not be prohibited, but should be properly guided and regulated.
Jia Xijin, an associate professor at the School of Public Administration at Tsinghua University, believes that the current taxi industry system is not market operations. The reform of the taxi system is first of all to establish a fair and open market environment, and the reform of the mechanism is more important than the results that can be seen in the short term.
[Economic Accounting]
In exchange for a GDP algorithm, local governments no longer fight to deepen the key points of economic system reform, put forward the reform of unified accounting for regional GDP, and improve the evaluation system of development results. This means that after several years of "conceiving", the unified accounting reform of GDP is officially on the agenda.
The fight against GDP data has been around for more than a decade. The Beijing News reporter took stock of the data of the past 10 years and found that the total GDP of the country exceeded the national level for ten consecutive years.
In the first quarter of this year, the above-mentioned "picture" was repeated again. The GDP in the first quarter of the country was 140.67 billion yuan, and the total GDP of each province was about 143,072.91 billion yuan.
Why is the sum of local GDP higher than the national level? In 2010, when the National Development and Reform Commission reported to the 13th meeting of the 11th National People's Congress Standing Committee, it had admitted that “a few local governments have resorted to fraudulent statistics, resulting in local statistical data tend to overestimate.â€
As early as 2010, the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) has begun to study the feasibility of implementing unified GDP accounting. Last year, the National Bureau of Statistics launched a “trial calculation†of local data.
"The GDP unified accounting reform is to use a ruler to measure the true level of economic development." Ye Qing, deputy director of the Hubei Provincial Bureau of Statistics, told the Beijing News that the reform mainly includes two aspects: unified "caliber"; unified index evaluation system. .
The unified "caliber" is to adjust the accounting method of GDP, from "grading accounting" to "lower level". Previously, China has been implementing a GDP grading independent accounting system, and the GDP of each region is independently accounted for by itself. Ye Qing believes that “grading accounting†is the main cause of GDP data competition. “For example, cross-regional statistics, many enterprises have many branches and subordinate organizations, and some cover multiple provinces, forming cross-statistics.†He explained that “the next level†means “the above is not the level, and the scale of economic development is measured with a ruler.†For example, the GDP data of each province is calculated by the central government; The data is calculated by the provincial level.
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