1 Machining deep-stepped holes in a horizontal machining center When the deep-drilled hole ØD with an empty hole is shown in the drawing, the tool in the hole of the empty hole is rapidly fed, but the complex casting is shown in the drawing b. There may be deviations in the position and size of the empty knife hole, so the hole in the hole of the empty knife hole may interfere with the tool that feeds quickly, and it may also cause damage to the knife edge. In severe cases, the knife may also eat knife. And caused a knife. If a reamer is used, it is inevitable that the knife will be generated during the reaming process because of the interference between the reamer blade portion and the hole of the empty knife hole, and the deep-stepped hole processed cannot guarantee the process requirements of the hole. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to add an auxiliary process to process the empty knife hole so that the empty knife hole can actually function as an empty knife.
(a)
(b)
(c) Fig. 2 Problems Occurring in the Processing of Irregular Step Holes by Conventional Methods We usually process the stepped hollow hole as shown in the drawing, which is accomplished by the use of the fine-boring fixed cycle function of the horizontal machining center. However, this is only applicable to regular stepped holes. For the above stepped hole in a complex casting, there is no regularity and irregularity in the positional deviation of the hole. This makes it impossible to determine the deflection angle of the tip when the boring tool axially feeds. , will cause a knife when the feed, even if the knife does not play when the knife, but also because of hole position deviation caused by the unilateral knife when the boring and rapid damage to the tool, so the use of conventional machining center on the fine boring cycle It is not suitable for the function to process the above irregular step hollow hole. 3 Using a new machining process, a single-edged burr with a radius smaller than the radius of the hollow tool hole is used. The quill is drilled with a soft plunging spiral feed while the spindle tool rotates. As shown in Fig. c, the turret radius of the boring tool is shown. For r, the spindle boring tool rotates and feeds rapidly along the centerline of the stepped hole to the right end of the hole as shown in Figure b. Then the boring tool takes the radius of (Rr)/2 as the radius of the center of the tool. Cut into the hole of the right hole of the empty knife hole as shown in Figure C, and then use the semicircle with the radius of (Rr) as the radius from the right end of the hole of the empty knife hole as the tool center trajectory. Use the center line of the step hole as the axis for the spiral line insertion. To feed the boring hole, that is, when the tool rotates, the machine tool performs two-axis linkage, that is, the tool rotates while performing radial and axial movements, and when the boring tool helical interpolation feeds to the blank as shown in the drawing b When the knife hole is at the leftmost end, the tool uses a semicircle with radius (Rr)/2 as the tool center motion path to softly cut out the empty knife hole wall so that the center axis of the tool is returned to the center axis of the step hole, and then the knife retreats axially quickly. This completes the machining of an empty hole. This kind of soft cutting approach can avoid the knife striking phenomenon caused by the position deviation of the hole: while the spiral thread interpolation feeds the boring hole, it can avoid the unilateral sword knife phenomenon caused by the position deviation of the hole. It can also realize the function of using a trowel with a small radius of gyration for large holes. 4 Conclusions The use of this soft cut-in approach on horizontal machining centers can avoid tool damage or knife-cutting during feeds due to irregular casting deviations of the stepped knife holes on the castings: interpolation of bore holes with spirals It is possible to use a trowel with a small radius of gyration for large holes, and also to avoid the phenomenon of knife damage and knife damage caused by unilateral knives due to misalignment of the holes. Practice has proved that it is indeed of great practical value to use a soft cut-in spiral feed method in a horizontal machining center to pick up complicated irregular step holes.
(a)
(b)
(c) Fig. 2 Problems Occurring in the Processing of Irregular Step Holes by Conventional Methods We usually process the stepped hollow hole as shown in the drawing, which is accomplished by the use of the fine-boring fixed cycle function of the horizontal machining center. However, this is only applicable to regular stepped holes. For the above stepped hole in a complex casting, there is no regularity and irregularity in the positional deviation of the hole. This makes it impossible to determine the deflection angle of the tip when the boring tool axially feeds. , will cause a knife when the feed, even if the knife does not play when the knife, but also because of hole position deviation caused by the unilateral knife when the boring and rapid damage to the tool, so the use of conventional machining center on the fine boring cycle It is not suitable for the function to process the above irregular step hollow hole. 3 Using a new machining process, a single-edged burr with a radius smaller than the radius of the hollow tool hole is used. The quill is drilled with a soft plunging spiral feed while the spindle tool rotates. As shown in Fig. c, the turret radius of the boring tool is shown. For r, the spindle boring tool rotates and feeds rapidly along the centerline of the stepped hole to the right end of the hole as shown in Figure b. Then the boring tool takes the radius of (Rr)/2 as the radius of the center of the tool. Cut into the hole of the right hole of the empty knife hole as shown in Figure C, and then use the semicircle with the radius of (Rr) as the radius from the right end of the hole of the empty knife hole as the tool center trajectory. Use the center line of the step hole as the axis for the spiral line insertion. To feed the boring hole, that is, when the tool rotates, the machine tool performs two-axis linkage, that is, the tool rotates while performing radial and axial movements, and when the boring tool helical interpolation feeds to the blank as shown in the drawing b When the knife hole is at the leftmost end, the tool uses a semicircle with radius (Rr)/2 as the tool center motion path to softly cut out the empty knife hole wall so that the center axis of the tool is returned to the center axis of the step hole, and then the knife retreats axially quickly. This completes the machining of an empty hole. This kind of soft cutting approach can avoid the knife striking phenomenon caused by the position deviation of the hole: while the spiral thread interpolation feeds the boring hole, it can avoid the unilateral sword knife phenomenon caused by the position deviation of the hole. It can also realize the function of using a trowel with a small radius of gyration for large holes. 4 Conclusions The use of this soft cut-in approach on horizontal machining centers can avoid tool damage or knife-cutting during feeds due to irregular casting deviations of the stepped knife holes on the castings: interpolation of bore holes with spirals It is possible to use a trowel with a small radius of gyration for large holes, and also to avoid the phenomenon of knife damage and knife damage caused by unilateral knives due to misalignment of the holes. Practice has proved that it is indeed of great practical value to use a soft cut-in spiral feed method in a horizontal machining center to pick up complicated irregular step holes.
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