Diesel generator maintenance training diesel article -p3-p5

Diesel generator maintenance training diesel article -p3-p5

Second, the basic structure of diesel engine

At present, the diesel generator diesel engine has many structural forms, and the specific structure is also very different. For example, Cummins diesel engine is divided into c series and B series according to the different performance requirements and applications. Even with the same series of diesel engines there are many differences. However, no matter how the diesel engine changes, its basic working principle and structure are the same.

Four-stroke diesel engines consist of the following groups and systems.

1. Body and cylinder head assembly

The body, the cylinder head and the bottom shell make up the skeleton of the diesel engine.

2. Crank linkage mechanism

All moving parts and auxiliary systems

The crank connecting rod mechanism consists of a piston group, a connecting rod group and a crankshaft flywheel group. The function of this part is to use the thrust force of the gas that the piston bears, transform the reciprocating motion of the connecting rod group into the rotational motion of the crankshaft, and thus output the power.

3. Fuel supply system

As shown in Figure 1-1, the diesel generator fuel supply system is mainly composed of a low-pressure oil circuit and a high-pressure oil circuit. Its function is to ensure that the piston is moved to a certain degree before the top dead center of compression, and the quality, quantity, and The high-pressure fuel is sprayed into the combustion chamber at regular intervals. The components in the low-pressure oil circuit mainly include oil tanks, low-pressure oil pipes (ie, diesel hoses), low-pressure oil pumps, and diesel filters. The components in the high-pressure oil line mainly include high-pressure fuel injection pumps, governors, and high-pressure oil pipes. Injector and so on.

4. Lubrication system

As shown in Figure 1-2, the lubricating system mainly includes oil sump, oil pump, oil suction plate, oil pipe, oil radiator, oil coarse filter, oil fine filter, internal oil passage in cylinder head, oil passage in internal body, transmission gear And a variety of relative movement of the lubrication components and other components. The function of the lubrication system is to reduce the friction on the surface of the part, take away some of the heat absorbed by the part, flush the surface of the part, improve the sealing effect, and prevent the parts from rusting.

5. Cooling system

The cooling system is shown in Figure 1-3. It consists of a water pump, a fan, a water radiator, a water temperature gauge, a thermostat, a water channel inside the body, and a water channel inside the cylinder head. The function of the cooling system is to cool the moving parts inside the body and a few fixed parts, and perform forced cooling of the oil.

6. Gas distribution system

The gas distribution system mainly includes intake pipe, exhaust pipe, air filter, muffler, intake valve, exhaust valve, perspiration, A gas distribution wheel and transmission gear. The function of the gas distribution system is to open and close the intake and exhaust valves of each cylinder at regular intervals so that the intake of the combustion chamber is sufficient and the exhaust gas is clean, and the purpose of sealing is good.

7. Starting system and charging system

The starting system of the diesel generator set consists mainly of a battery, a starter, a magnetic switch and a control button. The charging system is mainly composed of a regulator, a cross-flow (straight) current generator, a charging line, an electrical load, and a control switch. The function of the starting system and the charging system is to ensure that the diesel engine starts on time and charges the battery on time.