Yuan Longping's Academy of Sciences gathers "Planting Silicon Valley" to open the pulse for Chinese rice to the world

[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] China is a big agricultural country. Rice is the main food crop for the Chinese people to survive. In recent years, China has developed rapidly in rice breeding, while ensuring food security in the country and making food security for the world. Contributed. From April 13th to 14th, 10 Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering representatives represented by Yuan Longping gathered in the core of the “Shenye Silicon Valley” Nanfan Base – Sanya, Tongtai Rice, a new direction for rice breeding technology, rice The development model of the whole industry chain integration and the opening of China's rice to the world.

Yuan Longping's Academy of Sciences gathers "Planting Silicon Valley" to open the pulse for Chinese rice to the world

Science and technology rice

Innovation targets aim at “super varieties”

China's rice has been able to lead the world, and it is by no means a word of words. Reviewing several key nodes of rice development, the focus is on extracting yield, and yield is the key to ensuring national food security.

From the super hybrid rice, the second, third and fourth phases, respectively, the 700 kg, 800 kg, 900 kg and 1000 kg mu per mu were destroyed. By 2015, the target of 16 tons per hectare was first realized in Yunnan. In order to realize the dream, Yuan Longping took root in his life. field.

"This year, we are moving towards a new target of 1130 kilograms per mu, or 17 tons per hectare. I am confident that there is a 90% chance." Yuan Longping, the father of hybrid rice, said.

The dreaming step is still going on. "The quality of the hybrid rice variety 'super-super thousand' that we have cultivated can be compared with the Japanese rice that is 80 yuan per kilogram on the market." Yuan Longping pointed out that although it is very difficult, hybrid rice can achieve high yield at the same time.

The director of the China National Rice Research Institute, said that today, consumers are demanding delicious food and eating safely and green. Now China's rice development goal is to improve quality and efficiency.

"The future goal of breeders is to cultivate varieties with high yield, disease resistance, sex and wide applicability. The four varieties with higher comprehensive levels are 'super varieties'." Xie Huaan, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said.

"Molecular design breeding technology is the future direction of rice breeding in China." "Molecular design breeding technology is more popular than designing industrial products." Li Jiayang, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a rice molecular breeding expert, introduced molecular information using modern information and biology. Technology, through hybridization, molecular annotation selection and understanding of genetic mechanisms genes, from traditional "experience breeding" to orientation, "breeding" jump. For example, he said that after research, it is determined that the taste of rice depends on two genes. To understand this, we can replace and transform different varieties to get the desired taste. In addition, the directional design of rice varieties can achieve new varieties cultivation quickly and easily, and can achieve large-scale variety increase. "This meaning is extraordinary, can achieve high yields, and will also solve food security problems." Li Jiayang stressed.

"We found the gene at the end of last year, and it can produce rice with high yield and high resistance starch, which is suitable for diabetics." Li Jiayang said. "In the future, more than 100 million diabetic patients in China will benefit from this." According to the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the technology will have a major breakthrough in 2030, and will soon usher in rapid development.

Industrial rice

Upstream and downstream integration development to improve quality and efficiency

On the e-commerce platform, a brand of 5 kilograms of Japanese rice sold for 1,200 yuan, while China's high-quality products such as Wuchang's "rice flower fragrance", the same weight of the package only sold for 298 yuan, and Japanese rice is still very market.

Experts generally believe that the end-use consumption of domestic rice is moving towards the era of branding. Chinese consumers pay more attention to food quality, and brands can provide quality assurance to consumers.

Qing Zhixin, vice president of Yuan Longping Agricultural High-Tech Co., Ltd. pointed out that at present, there are too many varieties of rice in China, but the supply of medium and special varieties is insufficient. This year, the low purchase price of japonica rice, mid-late japonica rice and japonica rice will be lowered. The rice industry will be transformed into a diversified, green and oriented direction. Such products are not sold in the market.

“Improve rice quality and efficiency, scientific research and breeding can solve the upstream link, but after breeding the varieties, there must be some people planting, some people buy, some people process, some people build brands, form a complete industrial chain.” However, if the planting is more dispersed, it will not produce scale effect, and the mixed varieties of different varieties cannot reflect the high quality and high price. It is necessary to open up the upstream and downstream. For example, the seed company cooperates with the rice industry company. The former is responsible for supplying the fine varieties, and the latter is responsible for the acquisition and forming a complete industrial chain.

Random interviews with reporters in Beijing and Hainan found that almost all of the respondents bought Thai rice. Since 2012, China's rice imports have grown rapidly, reaching 3.35 million tons by 2015, with imports from Vietnam and Thailand. Kwong Hua also believes that the increase in imports is mainly due to the low price of foreign rice and the high cost of domestic rice cultivation. “To grow rice in Southeast Asian countries, workers only need to pay $100 a month. Now young people in China are increasingly reluctant to do farm work.”

In view of the long-term pattern of “weak rice and weak rice”, experts at the meeting believe that it can benefit from deep processing. Xie Jian, vice president of the Food Branch of China National Cereals and Oils Association, said that China's rice processing enterprises have grown stronger and there are nearly 10,000. However, China's rice-based snack foods, rice bran and rice embryo products are very limited in processing, and there is still much room for further processing and utilization of rice husk as a major by-product.

International rice

China's rice benefits the people of the world

In Sanya in April, the sun was hot at noon, and the 23-year-old Solo University student from Indonesia, Dewey, followed his Chinese tutor and was busy in the rice field. “I am very happy to learn Chinese high-yield hybrid rice technology in Sanya.” Diwei said that he is one of the first six international students to come here from the “Belt and Road” countries. He has lived and studied in the Sanya South Breeding Base. It took 3 months.

"We are building a training base for foreign students and cultivating rice science and technology talents for countries along the 'Belt and Road'." Ke Yongchun, dean of the Sanya Institute of Science and Technology in Sanya, said that this is just the "going out" of China's rice industry to promote the development of countries along the route. A microcosm of it.

Since the outbreak of hybrid rice in China in 1979, it has been researched and promoted in dozens of countries and regions around the world, bringing significant increase in production and income. Yuan Longping, the old man who devoted his life to world food security, made a great wish in 2013: "To create an international rice industry, to make hybrid rice cover the whole world, to feed the world more than 500 million people and benefit the people of the world." "In the future, we can rely on Hainan Nanfan's 'One Belt, One Road' seed industry important window to establish a globally-oriented 'rice exchange' to create a community of destiny." Huang Zaoz, Dean of Hunan International Rice Research Institute of Agricultural Technology, Globalization is full of confidence.

It is understood that as of the end of last year, China has built 25 agricultural basic demonstration centers in the countries along the “Belt and Road” to help improve hybrid rice breeding and cultivation techniques.