Graphene is the world's thinnest, lightest, hardest, most conductive and flexible nanomaterial.
Its power is often staggering. A one-centimeter-thick graphene plate can hold a 5-ton adult elephant standing firmly on it; a mobile phone battery made of graphene can fill the electricity in one second; a graphene-based tablet , you can fold it into a phone size and put it in your pocket.
Since the birth of graphene, people have a strong interest in the development and application of this new material, and it has also become the darling of capital and market pursuit. It has also been widely used in electronics, aerospace military, new energy and new materials.
On November 25th, at the 20th "Industrial Technology Information" conference hosted by the Industrial Intelligence Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Document Information Center, the researchers detailed the application of graphene in supercapacitors and biosensors. The theme of the release focuses on the same field, and based on the analysis of authoritative databases, the future development trends of the two are judged.
Professor Wei Weizhong from the Department of Chemical Engineering of Tsinghua University and Shi Jidong, a doctoral student at the National Nanoscience Center, participated in the launch event as a special invited expert, and exchanged discussions with the participants on the basis of their current research work.
Graphene supercapacitor technology: China is in a period of rapid growth
Today's energy and environmental problems are becoming more and more serious, and the development of green vehicles represented by new energy electric vehicles is growing. Solving the problem of braking energy recovery system is one of the keys to industrial development. Therefore, the demand for electrochemical energy storage devices with high energy density and high power density is becoming more and more urgent. At the same time, supercapacitors are expected to have longevity due to their long service life, short charging time, display of stored electricity, unlimited materials, and good low temperature performance.
Graphene has good electrochemical properties, tensile strength and structure which is easy to synthesize with other active materials. Similar to activated carbon, it can be used as a good and stable anode material and is gradually applied to supercapacitor capacitor materials. The main research fields of graphene supercapacitors include: transition metal oxides for electrode materials, activated coal, and nitrogen-doped graphene, collector surfaces, etc.; related technologies include graphene oxide monomers, excessive metal oxides, nitrogen Doping, coal activation, etc.
With the discovery of the separation and preparation of graphene by the physicist at the University of Manchester in 2004, the application of graphene in supercapacitors has gradually developed rapidly. The number of publications in the patent year has increased rapidly, reaching a peak of 280 per year in 2012. At present, the relevant technical patents average about 250 items per year.
The development of technology in the field of graphene supercapacitors in China has grown rapidly since 2009. The number of applications per year has rapidly exceeded 100 per year, reaching a peak in 2012. Since then, it has remained at more than 120 per year, which is in a period of rapid growth.
According to the distribution of patent technology sources, the major countries or regions that currently hold graphene supercapacitor technology are China (51%), the United States (20%), South Korea (15%) and Japan (4%), and the European Union (2). %), and Canada (2%), whose patents exceed 80% of the total global patents.
In the international market layout, China mainly focuses on the local patent layout, the application rate is about 90%, and there are also a small number of applications in the United States, Japan, and WO and EP. In contrast, the United States and South Korea, in addition to local applications, have carried out a large number of overseas layouts in major technology markets in the field, such as China, Japan, Canada and other regions, the competition is fierce.
The reporter found that among the graphene supercapacitor technology patent holders, the largest number of the top 25 patent holders are from China (17). The top five are in turn, Ocean King Lighting Technology Co., Ltd., Chinese Academy of Sciences, South Korea's Samsung, American Nanotek Instruments and Zhejiang University. In fact, China, South Korea, and the United States have the largest number of patents issued by patent holders.
"From the content of industrial technology information release, the number of papers and patents in the field of graphene in our country is still considerable. These data fully reflect the scientific and technological vitality of our country." Wei Weizhong said.
He introduced that the main manufacturing market and application market of graphene are currently in China, and many domestic institutions have patented in this field. Beijing and Jiangsu have respectively become relatively concentrated areas for the development of national graphene. In the next 5 to 10 years, these regions will also be strongly deployed in the field of graphene.
"From the perspective of industrialization, at present, the technology of graphene capacitors is more concentrated in university laboratories. There is still a long way to go before industrialization. Our country should promote the connection between universities and enterprises and vigorously promote the industry of graphene capacitors. Development." Wei Weizhong suggested.
Graphene Biosensor: China's SCI is ranked first in terms of publications
Since its discovery in 2004, graphene has rapidly become a hot material in biosensor research due to its special nanostructure, excellent optical and electrical properties, and good biocompatibility. It has successfully detected a variety of biological small molecules and DNA. , enzymes, proteins, and cells.
"Biosensors are an important research direction in the field of life analysis chemistry and biomedicine. They have been widely used in clinical disease diagnosis and treatment research. But graphene biosensors are currently in the laboratory stage and have not yet been industrialized." Shi Jidong said.
According to researchers from the Literature and Information Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the research of graphene in the field of biosensors focuses on the following two aspects: First, graphene electrochemical biosensors, including Abe sensors, electrochemiluminescence and field effect transistors, etc. Involved in enzyme sensors (for detecting hydrogen peroxide, glucose, ascorbic acid, dopamine, uric acid, etc.), immunosensors (for detecting viruses, bacteria, cancer markers, etc.), DNA sensors, protein sensors, etc.; Biosensors, including fluorescence sensors and resonance-based energy transfer sensors.
The distribution of graphene used in the field of biosensors has the following characteristics: from 2005 to 2009, the number of publications was relatively small, and the number of annual publications was less than 100, mainly from the United States and China. The research progress was relatively slow and in technology. Pregnancy period. With the 2010 philosophers of the University of Manchester, André Heim and Konstantin Novoselov, who won the Nobel Prize in Physics for their research in graphene materials, global graphene is used in biosensors. The growth trend of SCI's issue volume has gradually become obvious. In 2015, the number of SCI publications exceeded 2,300, and related technologies entered a stage of rapid growth.
Statistics show that graphene is used in biosensor research in 85 countries and regions around the world. The top 10 countries in SCI are China, the United States, India, South Korea, Iran, Taiwan, Singapore, the United Kingdom, and Japan. In Australia, the SCI in the above 10 countries in the field of graphene for biosensors accounted for 81.61% of the total. Among them, China has a clear advantage in the research of this topic. Its publications account for 47.76% of all papers, and the second place is the United States, which accounts for 9.39% of all papers.
In terms of highly cited papers, graphene is used in the field of biosensors. SCI papers belong to ESI. There are 345 papers cited in 35 countries and regions. Among them, ESI Gao cited papers mainly from China (176 articles), the United States (86 articles), Singapore (39 articles), Korea (23 articles) and India (15 articles).
It is worth mentioning that among the top 10 ESI high cited SCI papers, 6 articles were from Fuzhou University, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Tsinghua University and Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3 from the United States. The Northwest Pingyang National Laboratory, the University of Central Florida and the US Navy can see that China has certain technological advantages in this technology field.
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