Phased results of the promotion of water-saving technology in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei

Phased results of the promotion of water-saving technology in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei

Recently, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei key technologies research and demonstration project for sustainable development of planting water has achieved initial results. The water use efficiency of the core demonstration area has increased by more than 20%, the fertilizer utilization rate has increased by more than 15%, and the output has increased by more than 10%. The project has been promoted in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei.

For wheat and corn field crops, the research team organized experts to conduct field tests in 2013, 2014 and 2015 by carrying out technical experiments on integrated wheat, wheat, micro-irrigation and water-fertilization, water fertilization, fertilization, stress-resistant and stable production, variety selection, and matching planting. Water saving and production increase effect is remarkable.

For vegetables, the research group focused on the root-water-fertilizer level of vegetable water and fertilizer supply, and strictly controlled the root layer water by negative pressure infiltration irrigation, and defined the dynamic water requirement characteristics, water demand sensitive period and growth period of different main vegetables in different regions. Simultaneous soil moisture index and biological water saving potential; the spatial contribution rate of vegetable root soil was studied, and the root-water-fertilizer index of vegetables was defined; different micro-irrigation methods, fertilization and cultivation techniques were applied to the growth of cucumber and tomato. The research on the effects of development, yield and quality has established the key indicators and techniques for optimizing the regulation of water and fertilizer utilization, quality and efficiency of facilities for cucumber and tomato water and fertilizer supply and crop demand. In early spring, the technology of using dense water and fertilizer in the early spring tomato and cucumber was established. An intelligent management technology model for facility micro-irrigation and fertilizer utilization was established, and experiments were carried out in relevant areas of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei. The technical effect shows that when the irrigation and fertilization is reduced by 50%, the yield and quality of vegetables are improved, and the management labor is reduced by 30%.

For fruit trees, the research team adopted the technology of “steam reduction and consumption reduction”. Cut the useless leaves and leaves to reduce transpiration, and then through the water tree control index of fruit trees and the water control technology to reduce the amount of ineffective branches and leaves, the main water-consuming fruit trees apples and pears are the main research objects, and the main fruit trees are carried out in the core demonstration area. The study of the spatial and temporal characteristics of water consumption and the water sensitive period determined the appropriate amount, period and position indicators of orchard irrigation. Combined with the “three suitable” research of irrigation, the application technology of “water and fertilizer co-location and synchronization” to improve the fertilizer utilization rate of orchard is formed. The application effect of micro-irrigation technology is 75,78.5 cubic meters per acre, and the water consumption per management is 60.5% and 76.5%, respectively.

The project team also improved and developed 13 sets of micro-irrigation equipment and supporting agricultural machinery products suitable for the project area; developed 5 water-soluble fertilizer products for micro-irrigation; developed 12 water-soluble drip irrigation products for drip irrigation; One factory, designed and produced 20,000 tons of drip irrigation. In 2016, it has trial production of more than 800 tons, and the product quality has reached the standard. 17 new technologies were newly assembled and applied; 5 technical procedures were approved and 6 were declared. Established 11 acres of wheat-corn micro-irrigation core demonstration area; 11 acres of vegetable micro-irrigation core demonstration area.

The project is led by the Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, and is jointly undertaken by the China Agricultural University, the Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and the Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences.