introduction
From the perspective of energy conservation and environmental protection, high-efficiency motors are the current international development trend, and the United States, Canada, and Europe have successively promulgated relevant regulations. In Europe, according to the running time of the motor, the CEMEP standard is divided into three levels: eff1 (highest), eff2, and eff3 (lowest), which are implemented step by step from 2003 to 2006. The latest IEC60034-30 standard classifies motor efficiency into four levels: IE1 (corresponding to eff2), IE2 (corresponding to eff1), IE3, and IE4 (highest). China is committed to implementing IE2 and above standards from July 1, 2011.
At present, China's industrial energy consumption accounts for about 70% of the total energy consumption, of which motor energy consumption accounts for 60% to 70% of industrial energy consumption. In addition to non-industrial motor energy consumption, the actual energy consumption of the motor accounts for about 50% of the total energy consumption. Above, and today's high-efficiency energy-saving motor applications are low. According to the sampling survey of 198 sets of domestic key enterprises by the National Small and Medium Motor Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, the proportion of high-efficiency and energy-saving motors that reach level 2 or above is only 8%, which is a great waste of the entire social resources.
Some organizations have calculated that if all the motor efficiency is increased by 5%, the annual energy savings will reach 76.5 billion kWh, which is close to the annual power generation of the Three Gorges in 2008. Therefore, the energy-saving motor industry has a large development space and strong demand. In terms of policy, the National Standardization Management Committee issued the mandatory standard “GB18613-2012 Energy Efficiency Limit Value and Energy Efficiency Rating for Small and Medium-Sized Three-Phase Asynchronous Motors†in 2012.
Energy saving measures for high efficiency motors
The energy saving of the motor is a systematic project involving the whole life cycle of the motor. From the design and manufacture of the motor to the selection, operation, adjustment, overhaul and scrapping of the motor, the effect of the energy saving measures should be considered from the entire life cycle of the motor. At home and abroad, we mainly consider improving and improving efficiency from the following aspects.
The design of energy-saving motor refers to the use of modern design methods such as optimized design technology, new material technology, control technology, integration technology, test and detection technology to reduce the power loss of the motor, improve the efficiency of the motor, and design a highly efficient motor.
While converting electric energy into mechanical energy, the electric motor itself also consumes a part of energy. Typical AC motor loss can be divided into three parts: fixed loss, variable loss and stray loss. Variable losses are a function of load, including stator resistance loss (copper loss), rotor resistance loss, and brush resistance loss; fixed losses are independent of load, including core loss and mechanical loss. The iron loss is composed of hysteresis loss and eddy current loss, which is proportional to the square of the voltage. The hysteresis loss is also inversely proportional to the frequency. Other stray losses are mechanical loss and other losses, including the friction loss of the bearing and the fan and rotor. Windage loss due to rotation.
Summary
As an industrial power, motor products rely heavily on the country's development speed and industrial policies. Therefore, how to seize market opportunities, adjust product structure in time, develop marketable products, select differentiated energy-saving motor products, and keep up with the national industry. Policy is the focus. From a global perspective, the motor industry is developing in the direction of high efficiency and energy saving, and its development potential is huge. Various developed countries have successively formulated energy efficiency standards for electric motors. Developed countries such as Europe and the United States continue to improve the efficiency standards for motor energy efficiency. Basically, all high-efficiency and energy-saving motors have been used. In some areas, ultra-efficient energy-saving motors have been used.
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