As the core component of new energy vehicles and the key to the commercialization of the industry, the development of the power battery industry has been receiving attention from all walks of life. In recent years, under the control of national policies, major automakers have made major adjustments to new energy vehicle products and supply chains, driving a new round of development in the battery industry. In the six batches of announcements announced in the first half of the year, the number of participating batteries was as high as 85.
It is worth mentioning that the flexible packaging battery showed strong growth in the process. According to the statistics of relevant research institutions, the output of domestic square, cylindrical and soft-packed lithium batteries in 2015 was 17GWh, 10.1GWh and 19.8GWh, respectively, accounting for 36.4%, 21.5% and 42.3% respectively. The proportion of soft-pack batteries has exceeded square and Cylindrical battery. In the first three quarters of 2016, affected by factors such as fluctuations in the new energy vehicle market, the output of square and cylindrical batteries showed a different degree of decline. Only the output of soft pack batteries increased from the previous month. The output of domestic soft pack batteries reached 13Gwh in the first three quarters. Among them, the third quarter increased by 20%.
At present, Beiqi, Changan, Dongfeng and other domestic high-end new energy passenger car products have begun to use soft-packed power batteries. Foreign power battery companies such as LG and AESC also started mass production of soft-pack batteries.
"Soft pack batteries will be widely used in passenger cars in the future and become the main force in the new energy vehicle market." Zhang Jingshu, executive deputy general manager of Beijing Guoneng Battery Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Guoneng Battery) said.
According to the data, there are currently three main types of mainstream lithium battery packages, namely, cylindrical, square and soft packages.
The cylindrical lithium battery has mature production process, low cost, high product yield and consistency of the battery pack, and the heat dissipation performance is superior to the square battery, which is convenient for various forms and is suitable for the full layout of the electric vehicle space design. However, due to the steel shell or aluminum shell package, the self-weight is higher and the specific energy is relatively lower.
The square hard shell battery case is mostly made of aluminum alloy, stainless steel, etc., and the inside is wound or laminated. Since the square lithium battery can be customized according to the size of the product, there are thousands of models on the market, which makes the process difficult to unify.
In contrast, the packaging material and structure of the soft pack battery gives it a number of advantages. For example, the weight is light, the weight of the soft pack battery is 40% lighter than the equivalent capacity of the steel shell lithium battery, and 20% lighter than the aluminum shell lithium battery; the internal resistance is small, and the internal resistance of the soft pack battery is smaller than that of the lithium battery, which can greatly reduce the battery. Self-consumption of electricity; good cycle performance, longer cycle life; flexible design, variable shape and arbitrary shape, can be customized according to customer needs, develop new battery models.
Judging from the market development trend in recent years, the proportion of soft-pack batteries is getting higher and higher. Some experts predict that the market share of soft-pack batteries in the future is expected to exceed 50%.
The research report released by Haitong Securities shows that the soft pack battery has great room for development in the power field in the future. According to the report, compared with the current mainstream technology route, the soft pack battery is 20% lighter than the aluminum shell, can obtain higher energy density, has better safety, and has higher cycle times; the soft pack battery is in domestic lithium battery. The overall market share is about 35%, and its superiority has been proved in the 3C field, but the market share of the power battery is estimated to be less than 10%. The domestic power soft pack battery is still in its infancy, and there is great room for development in the future.
The most important thing is that the soft pack battery has better safety performance.
“Because it is a flexible package, it is sealed by PP film, so the internal pressure is relatively low. The other two (hard) packages may encounter such an explosion when the explosion-proof valve cannot be fully opened. Therefore, the flexible packaging Safety performance is slightly better." Ai Qun, deputy general manager of a domestic power system Co., Ltd. said.
At present, many battery companies have increased and accelerated the development and production of soft-pack batteries. Among them, the national battery is a leader. In the new car catalogue in the first half of the year, the number of models of the national battery has entered the top three, and has been used for passenger cars and special-purpose vehicles such as Ankai Bus, Dongfeng Motor, Dongfeng Travel, Yaxing, Nanjing Jinlong, Zhuhai Yinlong, Beiqi Yinxiang. Supported and bulk supply. At present, Guoneng Battery has built eight production bases in Beijing, Henan Zhongyu, Zhejiang Haining and Hubei Fuyang. At the end of this year, the production capacity will reach 11GWh, and it is expected to become the world's largest manufacturer of soft-packaged electric power batteries. It is expected that the production capacity will reach 25GWh by 2020.
Guo Wei, chairman of Guoneng Battery, said that Guoneng’s strategic decision to make a soft pack battery is based on the judgment of technology trends.
"China's new energy vehicle industry is constantly developing and upgrading. Power battery as the core component, its technology upgrade, change is certainly faster, the direction of the entire industry development must be high performance, high energy density. Finally, the market proves our The judgment is correct." Guo Wei said.
According to him, the energy density of the battery pack produced by Guoneng Battery has reached 125 wh/kg in 2016, and the energy density of ternary monomer production has reached 200 wh/kg. It is estimated that by the end of 2017, the density of the national lithium iron phosphate battery will be 180Wh/kg, and the ternary product will exceed 240Wh/kg.
Some experts pointed out that the current competition in the power battery industry is basically a technical competition. A technical team with high-level scientific research personnel as the core and research direction covering key areas of battery technology is the guarantee for the leading position of Guoneng Battery.
It is understood that the core personnel of the current national battery technology team are high-end talents in the industry: Wu Congxiao, the deputy general manager, is the leader of the new energy field of the “Thousand Talents Program†of the Central Organization Department, Ph.D. in Electrochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Ma Jun, Technical Director He is also an expert of the “Thousand Talents Program†of the Central Organization Department. He has presided over major national 863 and other special projects and has more than ten major inventions of electric vehicles. In addition, Li Decheng, the chief power battery scientist of Guoneng, is from the Sony Power Battery Division and has been engaged in energy materials research and development for a long time. Wen Zize, the chief advanced battery scientist, was the technical leader of NEC Energy, and developed products for Samsung and Hitachi.
At present, Guoneng Battery has established Beijing R&D Headquarters and Wuxi R&D Base, and the Shanghai R&D branch will be officially opened at the end of the year. The company has a complete R & D system and sound experimental conditions, with high-tech research centers, battery simulation platforms, battery management systems and battery development experimental platforms.
However, there are also voices that, whether cylindrical, square or soft-packed batteries, the current rapid development is because they are well applied in their respective application areas. Under the two-wheel drive of policy and market, the power battery industry is accelerating from the introduction period to the high-speed development period. In terms of technical route selection, the situation of domestic square, soft bag and cylinder will remain for a long time. Its market share depends on the specific development of the downstream market.
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